Footnotes

[43]   Sproule 1858. [back]

[44]   Or March 5, 1866, as claimed by some authors. It is possible that confusion arises from the passing of the International Dateline. [back]

[45]   The barque is sometimes addressed as La Belle in the U.S. references of the time (cf. references quoted in Ward 1967: VII 481ff.). [back]

[46]   Hawaiian Gazette Honolulu 18 August 1866; quoted after Ward 1967; VIII 485 ff. [back]

[47]   The name of the Japanese envoy is given as Kisaboro or Kisabow, most likely a phonetic distortion. [back]

[48]   Van Reed 1866, cited after Ward 1967.--In The Daily Herald (Newburyport, Mass. 1 August 1866) he is cited as Eugene M. Roll. [back]

[49]   Ibanez del Carmen, Chronicles of the Marianas. Entry 9-4-1868. Quoted after Davis 1996. [back]

[50]   Votaw 1941, Dierdorff 1943:500. [back]

[51]   Such as the Boston Daily Advertiser (Boston 31 July 1866; 1 August 1866; 23 August 1866); Evening Standard (New Bedford, Mass. 15 October 1866); Hawaiian Gazette (Honolulu 18 August 1866); New England Farmer (Boston 4 August 1866); New York Observer (New York 2 August 1866); New York Semi-Weekly Times (New York 31 July 1866); The Daily Herald (Newburyport, Mass. 1 August 1866); The Friend (Honolulu 1 September 1866) (all quoted after Ward 1967). [back]

[52]   For biographical sketches of Anna Bishop see Temperley (1980), Rosenthal & Warrack (1979:50-51) and Squire (1917); Davis 1996. [back]

[53]   Boston Daily Advertiser (Boston 1 August 1866) quoted after Ward 1967: VII 481ff. [back]

[54]   Votaw 1941; Dierdorff 1943:500; Heinl 1947; Kaucher 1941:126; Bryan 1959. [back]

[55]   Bishop-Schultz 1866. [back]

[56]   Boston Daily Advertiser [Boston 1 August 1866] quoted after Ward 1967: VII 484; Anonymous 1898c. [back]

[57]   Davis 1996. [back]

[58]   Hawaiian Gazette Honolulu 18 August 1866; quoted after Ward 1967; VIII 485 ff. [back]

[59]   Davis 1996. [back]

[60]   Bryan 1959. [back]

[61]   In later times a Japanese group of bird poachers used a distill (Bryan 1959). [back]

[62]   The Pacific Commercial Advertiser, Honolulu 27 April 1867; similar report in The Friend, Honolulu 1 May 1867. See also Boston Daily Advertiser 7 June 1867, and The Boston Daily Evening Transcript 7 June 1867, both of which also carried a note on a shipwreck discovered on Bokak Atoll. Quoted after Ward 1967: III 496-498. [back]

[63]   At Bokak (or Gaspar Rico on old charts) the Caroline Mills encountered the remains of a `several hundred ton' teak-built shipwreck dating to after 1840 as the hull sheeting plates had been made of `composition metal' (Muntz Metal). The Friend, Honolulu 1 May 1867. [back]

[64]   Taussig 1935[1898]) ; Dierdorff 1943:500; Heinl 1947:65; Votaw 1941; Anonymous 1898c; Dierdorff 1943:500; Heinl 1947:65; Kaucher 1941:126. [back]

[65]   Kaucher 1941:126; Drummond-Hay 1939:338; Parr 1941:97. [back]